Psilocybe semilanceata

01Overview

Source-checked

This account connects the checked name record with comparative morphology, a quantitative assay and a published genome resource. It follows Agrocybaceae under the 2026 classification. [index-fungorum-232492-2026] [niskanen-2026] [guzman-bas-1977] [bollinger-2025] [gotvaldova-2022]

This is a scientific reference record, not field-identification guidance.

02Nomenclature

Accepted name: Psilocybe semilanceata
Authority: (Fr.) P. Kumm.
Family: Agrocybaceae
Publication year: 1871
Basionym: Agaricus semilanceatus Fr.
Taxonomic status: accepted
MycoBank identifier: Not yet researched — verification required
Index Fungorum identifier: 232492

Synonyms (4 recorded names)

Agaricus semilanceatus Fr.
Stropharia semilanceata (Fr.) P. Karst.
Geophila semilanceata (Fr.) Quél.
Coprinarius semilanceatus (Fr.) J. Schröt.

Nomenclatural sources: [index-fungorum-232492-2026] [gbif-5242507-2026] [niskanen-2026] [species-fungorum-232492-2026]

Research completeness

taxonomy: Human reviewed — J Dale, 2026-09-29
Core nomenclature and the selected family treatment are source-checked. MycoBank could not be accessed; original name publications and exhaustive synonymy remain pending. This is a scoped account, not a completed taxonomic revision.
overview: preliminary
Source-checked introduction to the scoped account.
description: preliminary
Selected published characters checked; comprehensive modern redescription remains pending.
ecology: preliminary
Only the cited source context has been checked; substrate and seasonal synthesis remain pending.
distribution: preliminary
Source-backed localities or taxonomic context only; no occurrence dataset or exhaustive range assessment.
chemistry: preliminary
One study, five compounds and its collection metadata source-checked. Additional studies, supplementary per-sample values and a full literature synthesis remain pending.
molecular: preliminary
Published molecular findings checked; no independent sequence analysis.
history: preliminary
Limited nomenclatural or typification history. Original publications and broader historical research remain pending.
conservation: not researched
Not researched in this account. No absence claim is made.

03Taxonomic description

Taxonomic description. These characters are presented for scientific reference and are not intended as field-identification guidance.

Macroscopic characters

Source-checked

Guzmán and Bas describe a cap with an umbo or papilla and variable blue discoloration at the stem base. Their observations include strong, weak and absent bluing. This comparison is not a full modern description. [guzman-bas-1977]

Microscopic characters

Source-checked

For collection Horak 63-41 (ZT), Guzmán and Bas report spores (11–)12–14(–15.5) × 7–8 µm and cheilocystidia 28–35 × 5–7 µm. These are the authors’ collection-based observations, not universal diagnostic limits. [guzman-bas-1977]

04Distribution and ecology

Source-checked

The cited studies document material from Sweden, the Czech Republic and Oregon, USA. These localities describe sampled material and do not delimit the species’ geographic range. [gotvaldova-2022] [bollinger-2025]

Known range: Temperate grasslands of Europe, Australia, and northern and southern America
Countries with documented material: Sweden, Czech Republic, United States
Habitats: Temperate grassland, Open grassy meadow
Substrates: Soil
Ecological associations: Not yet researched
Seasonality: Not yet researched

Ecological context

Source-checked

The genome study documents its Oregon source material from soil in an open grassy meadow. This is specimen habitat, not an exhaustive account of the species’ ecology. [bollinger-2025]

Occurrence records

9,815 georeferenced records, shown as 4,867 distinct positions at this scale. Records carry 47 country codes, 10 of which rest on a single record. Full-precision records are available from the citable source dataset.

Recorded observations are not equivalent to true biological range. Absence of records does not demonstrate absence of a species.

Occurrence provenance & map methods

Source: https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.dhgzxa
Licence / retrieval date: CC BY-NC 4.0 / 2026-09-15
Coordinate uncertainty: Reported for 9,373 of 9,815 plotted records. Median 7 km; 842 records at 30 m or finer; coarsest 5001 km. Points are plotted at source precision, so precision varies by orders of magnitude within this map.
Sensitive records: unreviewed
Countries with georeferenced records: GB (5,341) · NO (890) · SE (882) · DK (500) · CH (385) · BE (246) · FR (204) · NL (147) · US (139) · AT (134) · ES (129) · FI (117) · IM (114) · DE (100) · IE (71) · IT (69) · CA (64) · FO (41) · AU (29) · IS (28) · PT (26) · PL (25) · NZ (23) · CZ (16) · RU (12) · CL (11) · XK (11) · ME (9) · RO (8) · EE (7) · SI (5) · SK (5) · AL (4) · MK (4) · PM (4) · RS (3) · UA (2) · AD (1) · AR (1) · BG (1) · BO (1) · BY (1) · FK (1) · JE (1) · LI (1) · NP (1) · TR (1)

Points are plotted at source precision on an equirectangular projection. Two records falling on the same rendered pixel appear as one mark; the downloadable dataset is not reduced. Records published under names this reference has not reconciled, including synonyms, infraspecific taxa and sequence clusters, are excluded rather than reassigned.

05Chemistry

Measurements belong to studies, specimens and methods. A single concentration cannot stand in for a species.

Published assays · Measurements retain their original methodological context.
Study / year	Material	Method	Record
Extensive Collection of Psychotropic Mushrooms with Determination of Their Tryptamine Alkaloids / 2022	Dried fruiting bodies	UHPLC–MS/MS (triple quadrupole; positive electrospray; dynamic multiple reaction monitoring)	Details ↓

gotvaldova-2022-semilanceata-table-1 — specimen, methods & measurements

Source location: Table 1, Psilocybe semilanceata row; sections 3.2–3.4; Supplementary Table S1
Verification: Source checked; see evidence trail
Measurement basis: dry mass
Specimen: Whole fruiting bodies; collection IDs and available vouchers are listed below.
Material: Dried fruiting bodies
Sample size: 18
Sample counting basis: 18 fruiting bodies (fb), from 5 collections (n); Table 1 definitions.
Provenance: Sweden, Czech Republic; collection-level context in Table S1.
Analytical method: UHPLC–MS/MS (triple quadrupole; positive electrospray; dynamic multiple reaction monitoring)
Preparation: Dried, homogenized fruiting bodies; acidified methanol extraction and re-extraction (section 3.3).
Storage: Dried material kept in darkness at 20 °C (section 3.2). Collection and analysis dates are retained below; exact storage durations are not inferred.
psilocybin: 1.28–11.421 mg/g (range) — Reported aggregate range, dry mass.
psilocin: 0.033–0.619 mg/g (range) — Reported aggregate range, dry mass.
baeocystin: 0.725–4.467 mg/g (range) — Reported aggregate range, dry mass.
norbaeocystin: 0.121–0.51 mg/g (range) — Reported aggregate range, dry mass.
aeruginascin: 0.01–0.033 mg/g (range) — Reported aggregate range, dry mass.

Collections in the source

Dates retain the precision reported by the study. These collections underlie the aggregate ranges; individual concentrations have not been inferred.

PS-14 · Sweden

Collected: 26.09.2015
Analysed: May 2016
Voucher: PRM 935886
GenBank accession: Not provided in the source table